This article is a short good read, in my opinion.
"Astronomers may be on the brink of discovering a second Earth-like planet, a find that would add fresh impetus to the search for extraterrestrial life, according to the US journal Science. Astronomers from six major centers, including NASA, Harvard and the University of Colorado, outline how advances in technology suggest scientists are on the verge of being able to detect the presence of small, rocky planets, much like our own, around distant stars for the first time. The planets are considered the most likely habitats for extraterrestrial life." - [The Daily Galaxy]
The article explains several methods for doing such observations, including: Doppler wobble, transit searches, interferometric astrometry, direct imaging and the Precision Radial Velocity Spectrometer.
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